The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University,<br />
the series “Region Studies: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Political Sciences and Culturology” The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University,
the series “Region Studies: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Political Sciences and Culturology”
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#1 / 2022

History

  • Akoeva N.B., Rogova M.V.
    CONTRIBUTION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM BELORECHENSK AND RYAZAN DISTRICTS OF KRASNODAR REGION TO THE RESTORATION OF THE REGION'S ECONOMY IN 1943-1953

    One of the most important tasks of the state in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War was to provide conditions for the functioning of agriculture. This became possible thanks to the use of various mobilization mechanisms, including seasonal involvement of school students in the work of collective farms and state farms. It is the study of the contribution of this category of unemployed population (children and adolescents) to the restoration of the economy after liberation from occupation that is the purpose of this study. Students of grades 5-10 worked during the sowing and harvesting campaigns on their farms, participated in one-time actions and regular work on school grounds, in Sunday work for harvesting firewood for heating schools and other works. With their work, they contributed to the victory over the enemy and the restoration of the Kuban after the expulsion of the fascists from the territory of the region and after the end of the Great Patriotic War. Geographically, we are talking about the territories of the modern Belorechensky district of the Krasnodar Territory, which in the period under review was administratively divided into two: Belorechensky and Ryazan districts proper. Their unification took place in 1953. The relevance of the research is due to the increased interest in recent years in a deeper study of the history of the Great Patriotic War using archival materials that have been inaccessible to scientists for many years. It is important to identify the conditions of everyday life of the Kuban population during the occupation of the region by fascists, liberation from the enemy and the first post-war years. The main method of research is the analysis of sources from the archive and the main fund of the museum, first introduced into scientific circulation. The novelty of the study is that for the first time the question is raised about the active involvement of schoolchildren from Belorechensk and Ryazan districts of Krasnodar Region to work in agriculture in order to mobilize all available resources to defeat the enemy and restore the country's economy.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-15-24

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 15-24.pdf  (134 Kb)

  • Aksyutov A.A.
    PERSONNEL AND GOVERNING BODIES OF THE KUBAN TRADE UNION RABPROS IN THE 1920S

    The purpose of the study is to determine the organizational and personnel characteristics of professional associations of educators at the stage of formation of the Soviet educational system; qualitative and quantitative composition of the Kuban trade union Rabpros in the 1920s; the nature of the relationship of the trade union members with the Soviet authorities. The scientific novelty lies in determining the specifics and systematization of the personnel of the Rabpros trade union, which largely predetermined the directions of its activities due to the urgent requirements of the chronological period under consideration. As a result, it was revealed that Rabpros belonged to the type of professional associations gravitating to the village, and not to the city. The attribution of the studied trade union of education workers to the rural type, in our opinion, is due to the fact that the bulk of the illiterate population fell on the countryside, and the "people's" teachers launched their activities precisely in the direction of rural education, and the controlling bodies of the Soviet government did not have much influence on the decisions made by the Board. All this to a certain extent liberated the activities of the Union from total control and coercion, so characteristic of the power of the Bolsheviks.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-25-33

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 25-33.pdf  (171 Kb)

  • Nemchinov A.Yu.
    "TOBOLSK PERIOD" IN THE LIFE OF GOVERNOR V.A. ARTSIMOVICH

    The paper deals with the activities of V.A. Artsimovich during his tenure as governor of the Tobolsk province (1854-1858). The main attention is paid to the problems faced by V.A. Artsimovich: lack of trained bureaucrats; rudimentary level of infrastructure; inconsistency in the actions of the governor and the governor-general authorities; high level of corruption and arbitrariness on the ground; underdevelopment of cultural life in the region. The paper also highlights the actions of Artsimovich in solving these problems: attracting people with higher education and representatives of the Decembrist generation to work in the administrative apparatus; active construction of roads, wharves and bridges; carrying out regular audits on the territory of the province, including in its most remote parts; support for local cultural figures. The assessments of the activities of Viktor Antonovich are presented, both by contemporaries and in Soviet historiography. Opinions are given on the personal and business qualities of the young governor, as well as on the results of his activities as head of the Tobolsk province. The paper reflects the features of the organization of management in the Tobolsk province, analyzes the interaction of the governor and governor-general authorities in the region in the middle of the 19th century. The personal merit of the governor in the formation of the administrative base for the further development of the region is shown. The conclusion is formulated about the great administrative talent and real achievements of Artsimovich at the level of the head of the province. These qualities acquired in Tobolsk put the young governor into the galaxy of the most promising Russian senior officials of the second half of the 19th century. His position on the development of the region deserves special attention in the context of studying the administrative history of Siberia.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-34-41

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 34-41.pdf  (161 Kb)

  • Sivkov M.S.
    REVIEW OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MAIN STATE BODIES, SOCIETIES AND PATRONS IN PROTECTION OF MONUMENTS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS IN THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD

    The paper is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the main state bodies, societies and philanthropists for the protection of objects of historical and cultural heritage in the North Caucasus during its active development. The issues considered in the study indirectly affect modern problems related to the conservation and restoration of monumental monuments. Particular attention is paid to the activities of non-state associations. It is noted that the peak of their occurrence is associated with the growing interest in national and regional history among various segments of the population, the rise of national self-consciousness. During the period under review, the development of the legal framework for the protection of historical heritage monuments was still at an early stage. The emergence of non-state associations, which became independent centers of attraction for representatives of the local intelligentsia, made it possible to preserve a significant number of antiquities and create a theoretical basis for the further development of local history sciences. In the Soviet years, the emerging practice of non-state interference in the system of preserving historical heritage began to crumble. It was replaced by absolute party control. To date, a number of problems characteristic of the sphere of protection of monuments of the 19th–20th centuries remain. Among them, we included insufficient financial support for restoration work, an unprofessional attitude towards restoration issues, and a low level of educational work on the role of historical heritage in the cultural space of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the experience of successful solving them in the past seems to us relevant in modern realities.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-42-53

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 42-53.pdf  (162 Kb)

  • Cheucheva A.K.
    CATALOG OF HISTORICAL-ORIENTED SYSTEMS ON THE HISTORY OF THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASUS: EXPERIENCE OF CREATION

    The paper examines the experience in creating a historical-oriented information system on the history of the North-West Caucasus at Adyghe State University. It is emphasized that historical-oriented information systems occupy an important place among the resources of the Internet. The author focuses his attention on the implemented systems by archives, museums, research institutes, cultural centers, Internet libraries. The basic principles of the organization and functioning of historical-oriented information systems, approaches to design and implementation are analyzed. They consider both the most typical information systems and unique in their approaches to design and implementation. The result of the work was the creation of an electronic directory, which is a database of a hyperactive list of resources, the clicking on the link of which opens the page of the requested information system. It is concluded that the greatest interest in us was caused by the regional archives presented on the Internet. The project also examined the sites of 10 research institutes in the region. Interesting was the study of a guide to museums in Russia with augmented reality technology - Artefakt, which was implemented by the National Museum of the Republic of Adyghea. The materials of cultural centers and libraries posted on the Internet turned out to be less studied.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-54-59

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 54-59.pdf  (154 Kb)

    Sociology

  • Dzhabrailov Yu.D.
    LANGUAGE SITUATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF STRENGTHENING THE ALL-RUSSIAN IDENTITY

    The purpose of the study is to consider the language situation in the Republic of Dagestan and the prospects for the preservation of minority languages. The methodological basis of the study is an analysis of the work of domestic and foreign scientists on the topic of the study, as well as factual results of interviews with civil servants, experts and specialists in the field of linguistics. The empirical base of the research is the information of UNESCO, based on the study of the necessary criteria for the life support of the languages of the world. Research results. In the paper, the language taken from the entire list of indicators of ethno-cultural identity, was chosen from the perspective of its connection with the strengthening of civic position of the individual. Based on a study of the state and dynamics of the functioning of the Dagestan languages, it highlights the main challenges for them: displacement into the domestic sphere, the transition of native speakers to Russian, the lack of preschool and primary education in native languages, funding the study of native languages in the school education system on a residual basis, etc. The author pays attention to the need to develop a language policy in the republic in order to ensure the viability of regional languages in accordance with their legal status on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. Conclusion. The problematic field of preserving the ethnic languages of the Russian peoples is a factor associated with the values of the state and ethno-social level. Consequently, the solution of the problem of maintaining interethnic peace and harmony in a multi-ethnic society depends on the accentuated attention of the state national policy to the values of these levels.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-60-67

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 60-67.pdf  (126 Kb)

  • Ivanenko I.N.
    STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN TERMS OF INTERACTION: HISTORICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES (ARTICLE 1)

    This paper deals with the essence of the state as a socio-historical phenomenon, which contributes to the deepening of the understanding of the processes of polytogenesis as a factor of influence on the dynamics of local self-government structures. The author's point of view is based on the intersection of liberal, conservative and Marxist approaches, each of which reveals a certain significant characteristic of higher power. On the basis of operationalization of the concept of "state," evolutionary mechanisms of interaction between the state and society are developed. The dual nature of the state is stated, which in its own actions is subject to determination by the ruling class, as well as national interests. A conclusion is made about the essential inconsistency of the state. So, on the one hand, the "power instinct" inherent in any state initiates aspirations for control "from above" over the most expanded circle of social relations, and on the other hand, the conditions of social reality to one degree or another limit such aspirations. The second circumstance fully relates to the phenomenon of local self-government, which forms the autarky nature of social relations and imposes on citizens a special responsibility in choosing social action.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-68-78

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 68-78.pdf  (149 Kb)

  • Ilyinova N.A., Kukva E.S., Kireeva I.V.
    EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF TRUST IN THE AUTHORITIES IN THE ADYGHEA REPUBLIC AND KRASNODAR TERRITORY AND ITS STRENGTHENING TECHNOLOGY

    The paper presents the results of the expert community survey in the Adyghea Republic and Krasnodar Territory, aimed at identifying barriers to the implementation of management technologies for building public confidence in the authorities and determining the most effective ways to increase it in the context of the spread of COVID-19. Currently, confidence in the authorities has not been fully formed. Barriers to increasing public confidence in power are determined by a combination of a set of factors. The most significant of them, according to the expert community of the national regions we study, are: the population's lack of understanding of the authorities’ actions, even those aimed at improving the life of the population; lack of a system of measures aimed at increasing public confidence in power; indifference of the authorities to the initiatives of the population; "double" standards and an overabundance of rights and freedoms. The reasons for the distrust, which, according to experts, leads to an increase in the spread of the pandemic, are contained, first of all, in the communication gap. Accordingly, management technologies, implemented through the use of tools that provide the population with timely, complete, reliable information on the directions and results of the activities of executive authorities in an accessible and understandable form, as well as creating the basis for dialogue between the authorities and society, come to the fore.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-79-92

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 79-92.pdf  (185 Kb)

  • LyaushevaS.A., Khunagov R.D., Begidova S.N., Nekhay V.N., Tkhakumacheva Yu.B.
    IMPACT OF ACADEMIC PHYSICAL AND SPORTS EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES ON STUDENTS' IDEAS ABOUT THE PHYSICAL CULTURE OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY (THE PROBLEM THROUGH STUDENTS’ EYES)

    To identify the dynamics of important components of the personal physical culture of students under the influence of the traditional organization of physical education at the university, a questionnaire survey was conducted (2018-2019) of 260 2nd and 4th year-students studying at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Adyghe State University" using the author's questionnaire "Physical culture and sports through the eyes of students". The data obtained made it possible to conduct a comparative analysis of the dynamics of changes in the respondents' points of view on the main components of physical culture during the training process. Based on the comparison of the obtained empirical data, it has been revealed that the process of exercise provides positive development in respondents to understand the values of physical culture and sports and to form components of personal physical, vocational-applied and sports culture. However, the level achieved by the fourth course does not ensure the achievement of the quality of competence in the field of physical culture declared in the laws. It has been determined that exercise during academic studies does not allow students to ensure for four years the understanding and acceptance of their own motor activity as an important value. This circumstance can lead to a decrease in their own efforts to maintain their own health and stability in the system of production relations. However, in this aspect, a group of students engaged in a certain sport extracurricular activity takes a more advantageous position. Extracurricular classes ensure the formation at a higher level of such personality properties, as understanding and acceptance of the positive impact of sports activities on the quality use of free time, on the formation of a sense of satisfaction from the exercise itself, regardless of the results achieved, on the understanding and building confidence in the realization of a careful attitude to their health when exercising, i.e., on the appearance of personal properties that are not characteristic of persons whose exercises are limited to academic exercises of physical culture.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-93-102

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 93-102.pdf  (180 Kb)

  • Nikitin M.Yu., Karabulatova I.S.
    CONFLICTOGEME AS A FUNCTIONAL AND PRAGMATIC UNIT OF CONFLICTOGENIC DISCOURSE IN MODERN MASS MEDIA

    The proposed topic of the analytical paper is related to the actualization of issues of manipulation of public consciousness and the search for measures to deal with conflicts in modern mass media. In this regard, the authors raise the question of analyzing the linguistic characteristics of the conflict reflected verbally in the mass media discourse of Russia, which allows us to conclude about successful and/or unsuccessful communication. In the study, the authors separate the actual conflict and conflict-generating (generating, producing conflict) discourse, for the first time highlighting the conflict topic. The conflictogeme is a functional-pragmatic unit of conflictogenic discourse, which is designed to resolve specific communicative tasks of the conflict in its speech interaction, functioning in discourses with a certain structure, based on the functional-semantic representation of the conflict. Such a division is justified because it helps to understand the genesis of the conflict as such, which makes it possible to develop linguistic tools for identifying and preventing conflicts in the modern mass media space of Russia. The justification and expediency of involving civil society institutions in the conflict resolution process is noted. It is concluded that linguistic conflictogenicity is immanently embedded in the mass media discourse, which presupposes the active self-reproduction of social interest in the phenomenon of danger produced by the conflict environment.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-103-111

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 103-111.pdf  (175 Kb)

  • Petrov V.N., Zaslavskaya M.I., Rakachev V.N., Rakacheva Ya.V.
    SOCIAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION: THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTIONS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

    In this paper we analyze the current state of theoretical approaches that make up the methodology of sociological research of transformational processes in personal and socio-group identity in the context of changes associated with migration movements. Among the diverse positions and approaches to the study and to the understanding of identity in the situation with transnational migration, it seems appropriate to rely on the ideas of interactionism and social constructivism, where identity is understood as a flexible and unstable phenomenon that is constantly in the process of deconstruction and reconstruction, since migrants are forced to solve identity problems as a result of moving between cultures and different social systems. At the same time, the phenomenon of transnationalism itself further aggravates the problems of identity formation of transnational migrants, and influences the transformation of group identities of both host societies and metropolitan societies. It is concluded that the foundation of identity occurs due to the formation of self-image and social categorization. The very explanation of identity in the context of the intensification of transnational migration is based on the ideas of interactionism and social constructivism, which reveal the permanent nature of deconstruction and reconstruction of its cultural and social foundations. In addition, focusing on migrants as "transit people" shows that the study of migration creates new opportunities for the study of personality and its specific properties. The intermediate, borderline situation of migrants, permanent being "on the road" implies the absence of "protection of the home", that is, the family, the city, the social network or the national state, and directs them to search for new symbolic and material spaces. Therefore, the problems and mechanisms of formation and transformation of social identities in the context of transnational migrations require close attention and additional research.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-112-121

    Release date: 08.04.2022

    pdf 112-121.pdf  (191 Kb)

    Reviews

  • Shadzhe A.Yu.
    ENERGY OF LIFE OR "...SOUL’S BEAUTIFUL IMPULSES" (REVIEW OF THE POETIC COLLECTION "PUZZLES" BY D. FIL)

    In this review, I would like to say some words about the poetic collection "Puzzles" by D. Fil, a graduate of the Master's degree at the History Department of Adyghe State University, who is creatively thinking and fond of poetry. The author considers the significance of such spiritual phenomena as love, happiness, sense of life, etc., which contribute to understanding the joy of being, the complex and contradictory life of our time. The value of the work is that the author's lived life, a noticed, caught reality, confirming faith, hope and love..., pass through the entire collection. The practical significance is that the work gives hope for the necessary renewal of the soul and spirit of young people with life energy. I am sure that life values in poetry, the art of seeing and understanding beauty in the "other" will be conceived by people and contribute to rethinking different situations.

    doi: 10.53598 / 2410-3691-2022-1-294-122-127

    Release date: 08.04.2022