#2 / 2018

he Orenburg region, a geopolitically unique region, attracted labor migrants in any chronological period. During the post-Soviet period most of migrants moved to the area from Central Asia, being the main labor resource for Russia. While the flow of migrants directed to the area, there was an outflow of local population to the central regions of Russia. The current state of labor migration in the Orenburg region, the reasons, the directions, the quantitative list of migrants, positive and negative sides of labor migration are explored in this paper, also a possibility of replacement of labor migration is considered. Mathematical calculations and the statistical program are used to derive the dependence of labor migration on a number of factors.

15-20.pdf

(343 Kb)

An attempt is made to overcome uncertainty concerning the historical and cultural aspects of Hattian and Kaska ethnonyms. In our understanding, of two semantically unequivalent names of Hattian-Abkhaz-Circassian tribes, the first – Hattian – functioned, mainly, as the self-name (endoethnonym), as a way of self-identification of the Caucasian Anatolian community connected by bonds of ethnic relationship. The second – Kaska /Kashka/Kaskeans – performed functions of an exoethnonym – the term, which representatives of other, in the first place, neighboring people referred to the Maikop Anatolian tribes. It emerged and was actively used mainly among Indo-Europeans with which the Hattians were in continuous contact. Connection is established of the Caucasian branch of the Maikop Anatolian tribes with emergence of a toponym the Caucasus and myths about an ethnarkh by the name of Caucasus, with distribution in the North Caucasus of the Kaskean (Circassian) population. It is emphasized that the ethnonym Kaska/Kashka in all its further modifications – Kas / Kasa / Kavkasi / Kashkon / Kashak / Jarkas / Circassian appeared to be, owing to certain, mainly, external reasons, far more durable, than the term Hattians.

21-32.pdf

(256 Kb)

The paper analyzes the significance of historical education in life of the Russian society in the conditions of transformation of sociohumanistic sciences, as well as justifies the imminent need to form the public historical policy when there occurs new strengthening of information and ideological pressure upon the Russian State of actors of worldwide policy. Authors emphasize that without the public historical policy the Russian society is doomed to disintegration of separate identifiers, tereof search of basic designs for community of identifiers and creation of the system of ethnic identification, afferent in relation to the state, is a paramount problem of the Russian historical science.

33-40.pdf

(175 Kb)

The paper discusses the attitude of the scientist-historian M.G. Autlev to history of the homeland, to language of the people and to national traditions and customs.

41-44.pdf

(128 Kb)

The paper deals with the development of personnel base of bodies of the Soviet judicial system in Karachay and Circassia and transformation of personnel policy related to political changes in the Soviet State. The author traces its main directions, ways of implementation and results.

45-52.pdf

(178 Kb)

The paper reveals new forms and methods of governing the cultural life of the village in the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The paper shows the growth of the role of cultural institutions during the war with increasing the ideological struggle against fascism.

53-58.pdf

(150 Kb)

The paper is devoted to the problems of formation of the Checheno-Ingush national cavalry division in the fall of 1941 – spring of 1942. It shows a certain politicization of some researchers trying to present this question in the context of imaginary collaborationism of Vainakh people during the Great Patriotic War. In return, the author focuses on the objective reasons, which did not allow creation of a full-fledged national cavalry division despite availability of excess number of the volunteers wishing to serve in it. Those are the shortage in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of material resources, which arose because of carrying out large-scale evacuation of the enterprises of the Grozny petroindustrial complex, as well as lack of a necessary reserve of officer personnel.

59-65.pdf

(159 Kb)

The paper is devoted to questions of the organization in Karachay-Cherkessia of regional offices of the largest political parties of the Russian Federation and their participation in an election campaign of 1993 at elections to Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the first convocation. The purpose of this work is to designate the main stages of formation of a multi-party system in the Russian State based on the example of KChR, to mark out peculiar features of party construction in the region and their reflection in electoral processes.

66-75.pdf

(188 Kb)

The analysis of sources allowed us to draw conclusions on high quality and quantitative changes in the course of accumulation of knowledge about the Northwest Caucasus during the specified period.

76-80.pdf

(142 Kb)

Sociology

The paper discusses the questions of globalization against the background of development of information – legal space of the state and the world, as well as forms of process of globalization, possibilities of studying and legal control by these processes. An assessment of risks of contemporary information society is given.

81-87.pdf

(154 Kb)

The paper examines the problem of social reproduction. The concept of generation is considered as the basic one. The research focuses attention on bases of social reproduction of specific social tendencies. The methodological basis of this research is the author’s position according to which, process of social reproduction represents reproduction of social concepts – the meanings, which are the cornerstone of motivation of public activity rather than simple reconstruction of steady social forms during institutional activity.

88-93.pdf

(148 Kb)

The paper is devoted to a role of education in the vital strategy of rural youth. In recent years, the role of education in the society increases, however, reasons for getting education change. Transition to the market relations in the reformed society increases the number of students, but worsens quality of training of experts. The value of education decreases. In the rural locality, the role of education is quite different compared to the city. For rural youth, education can become a starting point for moving to the city. Most of students of the rural zone enter the city educational institutions to receive specialty and to work then in the city, in spite of the fact that their specialty allows them to work also in the village.

94-99.pdf

(198 Kb)

The paper examines the problems connected with establishment of productive dialogue in the conditions of the conflict arising in the course of crosscultural communication. Various models of the cross-cultural conflict, which can be analyzed at the macrolevel, meso and microlevel, are considered. The main characteristics inherent in everybody of them, are provided. Attention is paid to sociocultural factors, the cornerstone of the cross-cultural conflict. The importance of dialogue in establishment of “the culture of the world” at implementation of crosscultural communication is emphasized.

100-107.pdf

(170 Kb)

In research practice, widespread is consideration of social reproduction from the point of view of the importance of inclusion of new carriers of the public relations in social process. At the same time, the value of the innovative phenomena in the field of development of the public relations is often overlooked. One of major factors of public changes is the ability of society to adaptation. In this paper, the state-ofthe-art review of the main aspects, which define transformation of public structure during sociohistorical process, is carried out. Analytical comparison of social process and social change is made. Cyclic social processes are considered. The main reasons and mechanisms of social adaptation are investigated. The great role of a social axiology in determination of orientation of natural adaptation processes is defined.

108-113.pdf

(146 Kb)

In the paper, the author tries to reveal the intrinsic bases of such sociocultural phenomenon as violence. Being experience of negative deviation, violence is counteraction of two forces, importance of which is due to the first human nature (given). This is about individuals in which biological dominates over actually social owing to which activity of the adult and child is carried out at the level of the natural law correlating with the law of natural selection when strong wins a victory over the weak. On the contrary, updating the second human nature (created) provides domination of social over biological owing to which activity of the adult and child is controled by laws of human community, when force of the law is on the side of the weak. In the conclusion the author emphasizes that measures for prevention of violence have to be directed to updating positive deviation as the unity of given and created, internal and external, natural and social rather than to minimization of negative deviation.

114-119.pdf

(147 Kb)

The paper deals with the questions related to intensive application of digital economy in the industry, tourism, natural and raw sphere. The authors identify the conditions and features of transition to the so-called “digital agricultural industry” which becomes a factor of social and economic development of the Republic of Adyghea.

120-125.pdf

(162 Kb)

The paper analyzes the relevant problems of modern society – standard orientations among modern young people – basing on the comparative analysis of the conducted social researches in Kabardino-Balkaria in 2012 and 2016. The present publication represents experience in generalization of knowledge on value orientations of contemporary youth in an applied empirical context, which can serve for further theoretical researches of the problem under study.

126-131.pdf

(746 Kb)

The paper analyzes ethnos prestigiousness in the competing ethnic environment. The author uses various examples to explore sociocultural characteristics of a phenomenon of ethnos prestigiousness and to disclose the status and role position of ethnoses within the theory of ethnosocial stratification.

132-136.pdf

(138 Kb)

Culturology

The authors analyze changes in mental aspects of traditional spiritual culture during the postmodern period. The paper presents the dichotomic nature of traditional spiritual culture during the contemporary period of development in which the postmodern philosophy gained distribution.

137-140.pdf

(130 Kb)

The paper explores the condition of modern society through a prism of postmodern concepts. The show nature of the processes proceeding in it has led to formation of “society performance”. Overconsumption as a basis of the modern world has led to a reality simulativeness, emergence of simulacra of the fourth order. As a result, there occurred transformation of space from linear to rhizomorphous, for which unexpectedness and impossibility of prediction of further succession of events is typical.

141-148.pdf

(173 Kb)

By the early 21st century, the modern culture of Canada (the Canadian natives, European, African and Asian Canadians) becomes rich in a palette of paints and their symbolics. It experienced impressive emotional influence of visual (and nonvisual) artistic image of the fine art, photo, illustrated book publishing, arts and crafts, etc., and reached a variety of options of the embodiment of vision of the city, landscape, the nature, distinguishing, first of all, figurativeness of world perception. The same is important also for Japanese who allocate the mentioned directions in structure of visual culture. Therefore, art forms of the Japanese culture are most clear and attractive to Canadians. Visual culture is one of the central themes in modern cultural science. The understanding Canadians of the term visual culture in which nearly two centuries the visualization component, free by the Canadians of the term of visual culture, in which throughout nearly two centuries the component of visualization, free perception of space and a rich palette of paints are important, cardinally differs from interpretation of this term by Americans, British and Europeans.

149-156.pdf

(177 Kb)

The paper is devoted to a research of social functions of fashion among young people in the conditions of globalization. The author considers influence of ethnic style on modern fashion. The publication confirms that the fashion as object of impact on a set of social factors reflects all processes happening in society – both material and spiritual.

157-162.pdf

(328 Kb)

This paper presents some aspects of art activity of the Abazin ethnos: the originality and uniqueness of the Abazin art culture. The author shows the sources of the Abazin culture and individual traits of culture of the people under study. The main content of this research is the analysis of the most ancient forms of public consciousness, which reached our time mythology, merrymakings, ceremonies and folklore genres: specific features of the Abazin mythology; rain calling ceremony and the Nart ancient heroic epos.

163-169.pdf

(194 Kb)