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The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University, the series “Region Studies: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Political Sciences and Culturology” |
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#3 / 2011PhylosophyA.Yu. AmirkhanovConceptual approaches to the study of spirituality The paper provides an analysis of concepts “spirit”, “spirituality”, “soul” and “sincerity”. The author investigates kinds, forms of display and types of the phenomenon of spirituality, gives definition and differentiates religious and scientific approaches.
Formation of the Russian national identity: from discursive to social practices The paper discusses formation of Russian contemporary national identity. Ethnocultural and national identities are considered as a part and a whole, opened to each other. Practices produced by a discourse of national construction at nation-wide and regional levels are investigated through some aspects of state educational, cultural and media politics.
The idea of “human world” as the image of reality The paper discusses functioning of the term “human world” in philosophy, history, social studies, theoretical and empirical cognition. The author pays attention on the absence of clear concept of “human world” phenomenon among the scientific representatives. The paper presents the analysis of different conceptions of studying this phenomenon in philosophy and other social studies. An attempt is undertaken to uncover the idea of “human world” from the point of view of dialectical methodological tradition, i.e. as the image of reality.
Conflictogenity of interaction between generations in the culture of Russian modern society The paper discusses tense relations between generations, acquiring a conflict character in the conditions of Russian social transitivity. There is direct evidence of a generation break, reflecting a gap in historical development.
The interaction of tradition and innovation in conditions of technoevolution The paper discloses specificity of technoevolutionary processes the basic mechanism of which is the cyclic interaction of tradition and innovation. The problem related to regulation and forecasting technoevolution is staticized.
Multifunctionality of network communications in a modern society The paper provides an analysis of function specificity of network communication in the modern society, caused by users’ motivation. It is inferred that the network communication is multifunctional, therefore it has manipulational and administrative properties.
HistoryR.Yu. KortoevThe American-Iranian relations during the administration of U.S. President B. Clinton (1993 - 2001) The American-Iranian relations during the administration of US P:resident B.Clinton (1993 – 2001) can be divided conditionally into two chronological stages. The first stage (1993 – 1997) is characterized by a policy of strengthening and expansion of investment sanctions of the United States concerning Iran. The second stage (1997 – 2001) is the time of the second administration of B.Clinton. In this period Washington has taken the unprecedented steps to improve relations with Teheran, in particular the American trade sanctions for food and medicines against Iran have been weakened. To restore stable relations between Washington and Teheran, it was necessary for Iran to stop to support and sponsor the international terrorism and extremist organizations, to refuse to undertake attempts of sabotage directed on preventing peaceful settlement of the Arabic-Israeli conflict etc.
Agrarian transformations of the 1860s in the North-West Caucasus The paper examines the process of preparation and realization of agrarian transformations of the 1860s in the Northwest Caucasus. Special attention is paid to various legislative initiatives of the Caucasian administration, for various reasons, not exposed to the accented research attention.
The 1937 – 1938 Soviet propagation about scales of mass political repressions The paper discusses influence of the Soviet propagation on moral and political atmosphere of a society in years of “the big terror”, which appears through eyes of its customers, ideologists and victims. The author shows scales of political repressions, their displays and a consequence.
Rural gathering in system of imperious relations in the Adyghe post-revolutionary aul (1920s) A traditional rural gathering continued to play an important role in system of the power organization in the Adyghe aul in the 1920s. It remained the main imperious instance which settled many collisions of local rural life and solved the most burning questions exciting each peasant. In mass consciousness, the decisions of the rural gathering were more legitimate than those of the Rural Council. Bolsheviks aspired to supervise the gathering activity, but with strengthening a totalitarian regime in the country the value of the gathering has been leveled.
Role of the first naibs of Shamil Khadzhi Mohammed and Suleyman Efendi in political consolidation of the Western Circassia (1842-1846) The paper provides an analysis of the role of the first naibs of Shamil Khadzhi Mohammed and Suleyman Efendi in political consolidation of the Western Adyghes. It is underlined that the Khadzhi Mohammed's activity and Suleyman Efendi in the Western Circassia has objectively paved the way for the further reforming of a social system of the Adyghes on the basis of Sheriyat, though traditional cultural wealth was still strong in the Adyghe society. The author confirms that there were the objective factors complicating formation of the uniform political organization. Those are contradictions between the Adyghe subethnoses, absence of complete economic base and unwillingness of many Adyghes to limit a personal freedom, having obeyed to the power.
Religious factor in the political life of modern India The paper is concerned with value determination of confessional component in modernization of Indian society. The influence of secularism and communalism’s principles on the country’s political system is considered in detail. Much attention is given to the analysis of parliamentary election campaign in 2009 in India.
Mummers in wedding and other ritual practice of peoples of Daghestan in the 19th - early 20th century On the basis of the field ethnographic material new data are provided on the role of entertainers at weddings and public celebrations of peoples of Daghestan in the 19th - early 20th century.
On the history of reconstruction of the Kalmyk People’ Autonomy: as shown by the documents of Central Archives The paper discusses issues concerning restoration of the trampled rights of the Kalmyk people during the period of Stalin regime and the contemporary state of the mentioned problem in the modern historiography situation. The aim is to show a series of measures undertaken to restore the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. On the basis of historical and legal analysis of normative legal sources the author reconstructs the historical events of the period under the analysis. The problems considered by the author belong to the urgent issues of history methodology. The author shows the disputability of this question as far as its legislation nature is concerned in the Soviet practice and theory. The task of the article is to show the historic process of the republic’s reconstruction in the light of the Soviet State’s ethnic policy.
Dress in a female costume of the Cossack population of the New Line villages (the last quarter of the 19th century – 1920s) The paper provides the analysis of dress in a female costume of Cossacks using an example of a specific Cossack settlement. The analysis is made in a context of everyday life history, i.e. the branch of the historical knowledge studying a sphere of the ordinary human life. The author traces tendencies in changes of a female costume in connection with sociohistorical and cultural events of the Russian history.
SociologyA.Yu. ChadjeThe Russian identity in a context of postnonclassical science The paper discusses the Russian national identity in a context of a modern, postnonclassical science. The author defines conceptual bases of strengthening the Russian identity in the North Caucasus and proves the supposition about coexistence of Russian national and ethnocultural identities. On the basis of the analysis of the unity and solidarity bases of the Russian multiethnic society and level of supranational identity in the conditions of globalization, it is inferred that it is necessary to preserve a set of national identities. The possible ways of strengthening the Russian identity are given.
Specificity of social-group identity of physically handicapped youth The paper describes the sociological research on structure of invalid’s identity and influence of sociocultural environment on the character of identity formation. The author arrives at a conclusion that group identity of young invalids, unlike healthy students, has a number of features displayed through social-psychological state of health which is less comfortable for invalids.
Culture of a consumer society in Russia during the period of economic crisis: a regional aspect The paper addresses the culture of a consumer society in the conditions of social and economic crisis. Concepts of “consumer society” and “prestigious consumption” are considered. On the basis of data on sociological poll of the region population, the author analyzes perception of profoundness of an economic crisis, reveals features of change of consumer behavior in sphere of acquisition of the goods and services of a “prestigious” category and examines spiritual-moral aspects of consumption culture.
Youth culture in modern Russia: the functional-specific analysis The paper addresses theoretical questions related to genesis of youth subculture. The author singles out a special group of formation factors of youth currents, owing to which the identity is shaped, in addition to that which is dictated by traditional social institutes. The history of development of youth groups in the USSR / Russia as an alternative form of a social reality is examined in detail. Their classification is given, in which along with nonconformists the so-called “yappi” and “neoyappi” are distinguished. This phenomenon becomes more and more characteristic of the Russian modern society.
Motivations and higher education accessibility in modern Russia The paper uncovers the basic motivations of getting higher education and a choice of leading trades as one of important stages of socialization of the person. The author uses results of sociological researches at both Russian and regional levels that allow him to reveal the topical issues and specificity of maintenance of a principle of higher education accessibility in a modern Russian society.
Bases of the prevention of youth subculture criminalization: search for the ideological content The paper examines problems related to criminalization of youth subculture and distribution of deviate and delinquent practices among minors. The author considers ideas of humanism as a social-philosophical basis for modern system of juvenile preventive maintenance and as an alternative of the criminal ideology, making direct impact on value stereotypes of the Russian youth.
Youth extremism in modern sociocultural space The paper discusses such socially-dangerous phenomena as extremism, nationalism and the xenophobia, posing the main threat for national safety of our state. The author describes tendencies of development of youth extremism as a certain kind of criminal activity and methods for struggle against it.
Value criteria for modern gender complexes The paper provides an analysis of modern forms of substrate female activities and examines modernization of gender base complexes and destructive changes in gender systems which lead to formation of special type of female social activity.
Narcotism in system of behavior deviations at modern The paper provides an analysis of social-legal factors of development of such forms of deviate and delinquent behavior of minors as a drug addiction, alcoholism, etc. The author examines efficiency of the organization of institutional system of preventive measures against these phenomena, taking into account influence of economic and cultural tendencies in the Russian modern society.
Information culture of local governments The paper discusses the role of information culture in activity of local governments. The author analyzes theoretical aspects of information culture and gives the results of sociological polls which have revealed insufficient level of informing the Stavropol population about the authorities’ activity.
Physical training as the statement factor of student healthy way of life The paper discusses the important role of physical training for student health maintenance. The development of health care technologies has interdisciplinary character. The basic emphasis in this paper is made on sociological aspect of this pressing question. The phenomenon of health is characterized and its specificity is defined. Data on sociological poll of students are given as well.
Preferences of young townspeople concerning residing areas The paper discusses preferences of young townspeople of an average Russian city concerning a residence as an aspect of spatial mobility. Results of sociological research of preferences of graduates of schools concerning areas of residing in Volzhsky are presented. The author distinguishes three ranks of areas with definite (high, medium, low) level of preference of residing in them.
JurisprudenceA.M. Chadje, A.V. MargievOn the right of Republics as subjects of the Russian Federation to establish the state languages The paper discusses realization of the right to establish the state languages by Republics of the Russian Federation. It is inferred that the use of the term “the state language” concerning languages of the title nations of Republics as subjects of the Russian Federation has a conditional character since Republics are not the states in classical sense of this concept. Most likely, other terms should be used, for example, “the official language”, “the office language”, “working language”.
On fiduciary (confidential) character of civil legal relationships The paper deals with questions of confidential relations with regard to transactions. The basic features of confidential (fiduciary) relations are defined.
Some questions related to determination of judicial defense facilities in administrative rule-making Serve of administrative lawsuit is realization of the right of a citizen for defense of his rights in the field of executive power. With its help he can appeal against administrative acts, as well as against actions (inaction) of executive power bodies or its public servants or persons who serve as a delegate of imperious plenary powers.
Head’s skills and competencies on development of organizational culture in law-enforcement bodies To improve a system of administrative activity of law-enforcement bodies a set of measures should be taken, including actualization of problem of organizational culture. Formation of strong organizational culture assumes first of all positive changes in Head’s thinking and administrative activity. The author describes formal procedures and rules, individual decision-making and the control over its execution.
Preventive measures against deviant behavior of minors: the question theory In the paper, the author analyzes some theoretical approaches to treatment of deviant behavior of youth and teenagers. The work discusses also the basic concepts of a preventive policy of the state to decrease level of criminalization of the youth environment.
Deprivation of the parental rights under the legislation of the Baltic States In the paper, the author analyzes the concept, the bases and an order of deprivation of the parental rights under the legislation of the Baltic States. The current legislation of the Baltic States uses the different legal concepts, compared to the family legislation of Russia and the CIS countries. However, as a whole, Russia, the CIS and Baltic countries have developed the uniform legislative regulation of institute of deprivation of the parental rights.
Some aspects of criminalistic study of the organized crime grup This paper considers some issues of the methods of investigation of the crimes committed by the organized crime group. The author has analyzed the existing points of view on the concept and structure and on the criminalistic description of the organized crime group and identified the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the crime groups on the basis of analysis of the criminal records. Moreover, the author has examined the social and demographic characteristics of the organized crime group member and has given recommendations on the use of the peculiar features of the internal hierarchy and interpersonal relations between the members of the organized crime group in the course of investigation.
Some problematic aspects of administrative-jurisdiction processing in business This paper addresses some problems of application of administrative responsibility to subjects of small and medium business. Measures are offered to improve the administrative-delict legislation in the specified sphere of legal relationship.
CulturologyN.S. PichkoCulturological comprehension of modern consciousness The paper presents a review of academic literature on cultural images in modern consciousness. The author examines correlation of the notions of “culture and consciousness”, gives the contents of the notions of “images of culture - modern consciousness” and elucidates in detail historical, sociocultural and artistic factors forming images of culture in modern consciousness. The functions of cultural images in modern consciousness are defined: gnoseological, humanistic, communicative, educational, disciplinary, informational, normative and reflective. The developed classification is aimed to find the mechanisms disclosing the theory of culture in modern consciousness. Images of culture are identified as the contradictory and dramatic periods ambiguously reflected in modern consciousness. The paper shows structural and dynamic peculiarities of cultural images and modern consciousness and their influence on the modern processes of artwork. It also considers unity of artistic, religious and culturological aspects existing in modern consciousness.
Political ScienceV.G. ShustovThe basic models of local government The paper addresses a study of the basic models of local government and their refraction in the Russian field of municipal reform. The main objective of this publication is to study the modern model of local government which has developed today in Russia. Conditions are identified which should be considered at a choice of model of local government. The basic features of modern model of local government in Russia are defined.
Institution of Higher Officials of the Republics within the Russian Federation: problems related to political reform The paper reveals changes in the political status of the presidents (heads of executive power) of the Republics of the Russian Federation (1991 – 2011) in the areas of legislative and executive branches.
Monitoring of formation of Russian civil identity in a system of security policy of the Russian Federation (basing on materials from Moscow and Krasnodar Territory) The author analyzes the main types of identity in Moscow and Krasnodar Territory. Sociological indicators of identity are analyzed. The main factors of policy of formation of the Russian civil identity are identified.
Electoral field of modern Russia as an object of political study Various interpretations of “electoral space” are presented. Different factors structuring electoral space, as well as their mutual influence are analyzed. Prospects and limits of usage of the concept of “electoral space” are defined depending on the political and sociocultural conditions.
Politics and moral consciousness in the historical process The paper provides a historical-communicative analysis of the moral consciousness in politics. The author investigates various forms of interaction of moral consciousness and political - information sphere.
The analysis of the basic approaches to definition of personnel policy of the state and municipal service The paper deals with basic concepts of human resources policy. A social analysis is made of approaches to determine personnel policy. Distinctive features of inefficiency of personnel development are examined. The author suggests guidelines for staff formation.
In search for spiritual and ideological guidelines The paper deals with the basic tendencies in development of the ideological thought in the Tatar society during the last 15 years. Euroislam and the Tatar Islam are shown as modern forms of the traditional religion, trying to answer the realities of today. The author comes to the conclusion that the Tatar culture has a synthetic character. Therefore he sees the future in the ideological sphere in nationalism supported by Islam and modernization.
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